La Gioconda or Mona Lisa, how many
versions are there?
The Portrait
of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo, known as La Gioconda) or
The Mona Lisa, is a pictorial work by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo
da Vinci. It was acquired by King Francis I of France at the beginning of the
16th century, it is owned by the French State and is exhibited in the Louvre
Museum in Paris.
The name, La
Gioconda (happy, in Spanish), is based on the thesis about the identity of the
model, was the wife of Francesco Bartolomeo de Giocondo; her real name was Lisa
Gherardini, origin of Mona Lisa (Mona, "lady" in the old Italian)
Lisa.
Apparently,
Da Vinci already knew that La Gioconda would be a universal icon, since he never
separated from the work, even after having finished it. La Gioconda is one of
the most famous paintings, and always had an aura of mystery. It is possible
that there are several versions of the same era.
Rafael
Sanzio made one of the best-known copies; also one of his disciples. The
popularity declined during the XVII, XVIII and XIX centuries; but the
"robbery of the century" in the year 1911 made it a popular icon
Some
versions of the Mona Lisa are: The Mona Lisa of Isleworth, a copy of the Mona
Lisa that is considered as the first version of the painting made by Da Vinci
himself (Photo: Fine Art Images / Album)
La Monna
Vanna, drawing of a nude Gioconda, left Leonardo's workshop. Some experts
believe that the work was painted by the artist as a sketch of what would end
up being the Mona Lisa, others think it could be a portrait painted by one of
his disciples. (Photo: G. Blot / RMN-Grand Palais)
The Mona
Lisa del Prado, also created in Da Vinci's workshop, is the earliest preserved
copy of the painting. It is possible that it is the work of a disciple of Da
Vinci, with the same technique used by his teacher. (Photo: Joseph Martin /
Album)
La Gioconda
de Rafael, bust made by Rafael in 1504 after La Gioconda. It is in the Louvre,
it seems that it served as the basis for his portrait of Maddalena Doni, in
1506, which has a great connection with La Gioconda in terms of pose and
composition. (Photo: M. Bellot / RMN-Grand Palais)
In modern
times, Salvador Dalí, an accomplished surrealist artist, reflects this way of
seeing the world in his works. It recognizes the work "Avida Dollars"
(1954), photomontage of Philippe Halsman, which reflects, with humor and
criticism, Salvador Dalí turned Mona Lisa. Dalí holds coins as a criticism of
the link between art and money and power.
Marcel
Duchamp, in 1919, influenced by Dadaism, mocking the bourgeois artist and his
art, draws a mustache and a knob on a reproduction of the Mona Lisa and writes
L.H.O.O.Q. (She has a hot ass)
Fernando Botero,
also reflects his obsession with volume in this interpretation of the Gioconda
in 1958.
Andy Warhol,
consummate seller of everything that had a little color, did not resist making
his version of the Mona Lisa.
Kasimir
Malevicht, Russian painter, creator of suprematism, movements of the Russian
avant-garde of the twentieth century, offers the "Composition with the
Mona Lisa", 1914 and is in the Russian State Museum, St. Petersburg.
The Mona
Lisa has been the most represented artistic work in history. Become a cultural
icon, has been the reference in art, television, advertising, all kinds of
everyday objects, etc. It is one of the most copied works, from the first
moment it was painted. In century XX the greater number of versions of the
painting has been created. With modernity, irony, parody, self-reference were
added to art.
How many
versions have been made of the painting? It is difficult to know. Surely,
somewhere on earth, an artist is creating his personal version.
What would
Leonardo say? If you were the authors, what would you say about that
popularity?
References
Diez visiones de La Gioconda, 16
noviembre, 2018
Las otras Mona Lisa, copias de la
Gioconda, 28 de julio de 2018
LAS 400 GIOCONDAS, ALEJANDRO GAMERO —
28/07/2013
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